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Psychology is the science or study of the thought processes and behavior of humans and other animals in their interaction with the environment. Psychologists study processes of sense perception, thinking, learning, cognition, emotions and motivations, personality, abnormal behavior, interactions between individuals, and interactions with the environment. The field is closely allied with such disciplines as anthropology and sociology in its concerns with social and environmental influences on behavior; physics in its treatment of vision, hearing, and touch; and biology in the study of the physiological basis of behavior. In its earliest speculative period, psychological study was chiefly embodied in philosophical and theological discussions of the soul (Source:Credo).
Name | Branch of Psychology | Known For |
---|---|---|
Wilhelm Wundt | Introspection | Father of Psychology |
Sigmund Freud | Psychoanalysis | Free Association and the Iceberg Metaphor |
Ivan Pavlov | Behaviorism | Classical Conditioning and Pavlov's Dogs |
B. F. Skinner | Behaviorism | Operant conditioning and Radical Behaviorism |
John B. Watson | Behaviorism | "Little Albert" Experiment |
Jean Piaget | Constructivism | Genetic Epistemology and Cognitive Therapy |
Abraham Maslow | Humanism | Hierarchy of Needs and Self-Actualization |
Carl Rogers | Humanism | Client-Centered Therapy and Self-Actualization |
William James | Functionalism | Habit Forming |
Edward B. Titchener | Structuralism | Introspection |
Max Wertheimer | Gestalt Psychology | Phi Phenomena |